Lower Division Courses

C5.  Introduction to Entrepreneurship. (2)   Two hours of lecture per week. Designed for students who wish to know about entrepreneurship, its importance to our society, and its role in bringing new ideas to market. Students will understand the entrepreneurial business process and how they might become involved in those processes in their future careers--in whatever direction those careers might lead. What is entrepreneurship? What is opportunity recognition and selection? How can you create competitive advantage? How do you focus on doing right and doing well? Also listed as Letters and Science C5. (F,SP) Walske

10.  Principles of Business. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Formerly Business Administration 10. This course provides an introduction to the study of the modern business enterprise. The course is taught in five modules, the order of which may vary from semester to semester. The first examines the role and governance of business enterprise in a market economy. The second concentrates on financial issues, while the third looks at the problems of managing people in organizations. The fourth examines product pricing, marketing, and distribution issues and the last concentrates on the international business environment. (F,SP)

39.  Freshman/Sophomore Seminar.   Course may be repeated for credit as topic varies. Seminar Format. Prerequisites: Priority given to freshmen and sophomores. Formerly Business Administration 39. Freshman and sophomore seminars offer lower division students the opportunity to explore an intellectual topic with a faculty member and a group of peers in a small-seminar setting. These seminars are offered in all campus departments; topics vary from department to department and from semester to semester. (F,SP)

96.  Lower Division Special Topics in Business Administration. (1-4)   One to four hours of lecture per week. Study in various fields of business administration for lower division students. Topics will vary from year to year and will be announced at the beginning of each semester. (F,SP)

98.  Directed Group Study. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. Enrollment is restricted; see the Introduction to Courses and Curricula section of this catalog. Three to twelve hours of group study per week. Must be taken on a passed/not passed basis. Formerly Business Administration 98. Organized group study on topics selected by lower division students under the sponsorship and direction of a member of the Haas School of Business faculty. (F,SP)

Upper Division Courses

100.  Business Communication. (2)   Two hours of lecture per week. Formerly Business Administration 100. Theory and practice of effective communication in a business environment. Students practice what they learn with oral presentations and written assignments that model real-life business situations. (F,SP)

101A.  Microeconomic Analysis for Business Decisions. (3)   Students will receive no credit for 101A after taking Economics 100A or 101A, Environmental Economics and Policy 100 or International and Area Studies 106. A deficient grade in Economics 100A, 101A, Environmental Economics and Policy 100, or International and Area Studies 106 may be repeated by taki Three hours of lecture and one and one-half hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: Economics 1, Mathematics 1A or 16A, Statistics 21, or equivalents. Formerly Business Administration 110. Economic analysis applicable to the problems of business enterprises with emphasis on the determination of the level of prices, outputs, and inputs; effects of the state of the competitive environment on business and government policies. (F,SP)

101B.  Macroeconomic Analysis for Business Decisions. (3)   Students will receive no credit for 101B after taking Economics 100B or 101B or International and Area Studies 107. A deficient grade in Economics 100B, 101B. or International and Area Studies 107 may be repeated by taking 101B. Three hours of lecture and one hour of optional discussion per week. Prerequisites: Economics 1, Mathematics 1A or 16A, Statistics 21, or equivalents. Formerly Business Administration 111. Analysis of the operation of the market system with emphasis on the factors responsible for economic instability; analysis of public and business policies which are necessary as a result of business fluctuations. (F,SP) Staff

102A.  Introduction to Financial Accounting. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Formerly Business Administration 120. The identification, measurement, and reporting of financial effects of events on enterprises, with a particular emphasis on business organization. Preparation and interpretation of balance sheets, income statements, and statements of cash flows. (F,SP)

102B.  Introduction to Managerial Accounting. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 102A. Formerly Business Administration 123. The uses of accounting systems and their outputs in the process of management of an enterprise. Classification of costs and revenue on several bases for various uses; budgeting and standard cost accounting; analyses of relevant costs and other data for decision making. (F,SP)

103.  Introduction to Finance. (4)   Three hours of lecture and one and one-half hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 101A. Formerly Business Administration 130. Analysis and management of the flow of funds through an enterprise. Cash management, source and application of funds, term loans, types and sources of long-term capital. Capital budgeting, cost of capital, and financial structure. Introduction to capital markets. (F,SP)

104.  Analytic Decision Modeling Using Spreadsheets. (3)   Two hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: Mathematics 1B or 16B, Statistics 21, or equivalents. This course provides an introduction to several quantitative methods used to facilitate complex decision-making in business, with applications in many different industries, at different levels in the organization, and with different scopes of decisions. The power of the methods covered in this class is further enhanced by implementing them in spreadsheet software, which allows complex problems to be approached and solved in a straightforward and understandable manner. (F,SP) Staff

105.  Introduction to Organizational Behavior. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Formerly Business Administration 150. A general descriptive and analytical study of organizations from the behavioral science point of view. Problems of motivation, leadership, morale, social structure, groups, communications, hierarchy, and control in complex organizations are addressed. The interaction among technology, environment, and human behavior are considered. Alternate theoretical models are discussed. (F,SP)

106.  Marketing. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Formerly Business Administration 160. The evolution of markets and marketing; market structure; marketing cost and efficiency; public and private regulation; the development of marketing programs including decisions involving products, price, promotional distribution. (F,SP)

107.  The Social, Political, and Ethical Environment of Business. (3)   Three hours of lecture or two hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Formerly Business Administration 170. Study and analysis of American business in a changing social and political environment. Interaction between business and other institutions. Role of business in the development of social values, goals, and national priorities. The expanding role of the corporation in dealing with social problems and issues. (F,SP)

113.  Managerial Economics. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A-101B or equivalents. Formerly Business Administration 113. Analysis of the theory and practice of decision-making in business firms, utilizing the concepts and techniques of managerial economics. The business decisions to be investigated include pricing policies, internal transfer pricing, and various choices under uncertainty. (F,SP)

115.  Competitive Strategy. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A or equivalent. This course draws upon theories and frameworks from industrial organization economics, game theory, and resource-based views to address the unique challenges confronted by senior executives of organizations. The focus is strategies for competitive advantage at an organizational level. Topics include industry and competitor analysis, horizontal and vertical boundaries of the firm, strategic positioning, internal competencies, and dynamic capabilities. (F,SP) Staff

117.  Special Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A-101B or equivalents. Formerly Business Administration 119. A variety of topics in economic analysis and policy with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

118.  International Trade. (3)   Students will receive no credit for 118 after taking Economics 181 or Economics C181 or Environmental Economics and Policy C181. Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A or equivalent. Formerly Business Administration 187. This course will develop models for understanding the economic causes and effects of international trade, will investigate the effects of economic policies that inhibit trade, and will examine the political economy of trade. By integrating the findings of the latest theoretical and empirical research in international economics, this course help students learn how to explore the current political debates in the U.S. and elsewhere regarding the benefits and costs of international trade. (F,SP) Staff

119.  Leading Strategy Implementation. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A-101B, 102A-102B, 103, 105, and senior standing. Formerly Business Administration 190. Class format consists of lectures, experiential exercises, student presentations, and case discussions. This course will cover the concepts and techniques required for successful implementation of business strategies with a particular focus on the role of effective leadership in leading strategic change. (F,SP) Staff

120A.  Intermediate Financial Accounting. (4)   Three hours of lecture and two hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 102A. Formerly Business Administration 121. An intermediate-level course in the theory and practice of financial accounting. The measurement and reporting of the economic effect of events involving working capital and long-term plant assets, investment in securities, intangible assets. (F,SP)

120B.  Advanced Financial Accounting. (4)   Three hours of lecture and two hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 120A. Formerly Business Administration 122. Continuation of 120A. Sources of long term capital; funds statements, financial analysis, accounting for partnerships, consolidated financial statements, adjustments of accounting data using price indexes; accounting for the financial effects of pension plans; other advanced accounting problems. (F,SP)

121.  Federal Income Tax Accounting. (4)   Three hours of lecture and one and one-half hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 102A (120A recommended). Formerly Business Administration 128A. Determination of individual and corporation tax liability; influence of federal taxation on economic activity; tax considerations in business and investment decisions. (F,SP)

122.  Financial Information Analysis. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one and one-half hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 120A. This course is designed to: 1) develop basic skills in financial statement analysis; 2) teach students to identify the relevant financial data used in a variety of decision contexts, such as equity valuation, forecasting firm-level economic variables, distress prediction and credit analysis; 3) help students appreciate the factors that influence the outcome of the financial reporting process, such as the incentives of reporting parties, regulatory rules, and a firm's competitive environment. (F,SP) Staff

126.  Auditing. (4)   Three hours of lecture and one and one-half hours of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 120A (120B recommended). Formerly Business Administration 126. Concepts and problems in the field of professional verification of financial and related information, including ethical, legal and other professional issues, historical developments, and current concerns. (F,SP)

127.  Special Topics in Accounting. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 102A-102B. Formerly Business Administration 129. A variety of topics in accounting with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

128.  Strategic Cost Management. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 102B. Managerial accounting is a company's internal language and is used for decision-making, production management, product design and pricing, performance evaluation and motivation of employees. The objective of the course is to develop the skills and analytical ability of effectively and efficiently use managerial accounting information in order to help a company achieve its strategic and financial goals. (F,SP) Brooks

131.  Corporate Finance and Financial Statement Analysis. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 103. Formerly Business Administration 134. This course will cover the principles and practice of business finance. It will focus on project evaluation, capital structure, and corporate governance. Firms' policies toward debt, equity, and dividends are explored. The incentives and conflicts facing managers and owners are also discussed. (F,SP)

132.  Financial Institutions and Markets. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 101A-101B, and 103. Formerly Business Administration 132. Organization, behavior, and management of financial institutions. Markets for financial assets and the structure of yields, influence of Federal Reserve System and monetary policy on financial assets and institutions. (F,SP)

133.  Investments. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 103. Formerly Business Administration 133. Sources of and demand for investment capital, operations of security markets, determination of investment policy, and procedures for analysis of securities. (F,SP)

136F.  Behavioral Finance. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 103. This course looks at the influence of decision heuristics and biases on investor welfare, financial markets, and corporate decisions. Topics include overconfidence, attribution theory, representative heuristic, availability heuristic, anchoring and adjustment, prospect theory, "Winner's Curse," speculative bubbles, IPOs, market efficiency, limits of arbitrage, relative mis-pricing of common stocks, the tendency to trade in a highly correlated fashion, investor welfare, and market anomalies. (F,SP) Staff

137.  Special Topics in Finance. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 103. Formerly Business Administration 139. A variety of topics in finance with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

141.  Production and Operations Management. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 104 or equivalent, or consent of instructor. Formerly Business Administration 142. A survey of the concepts and methodologies for management control of production and operations systems. Topics include inventory control, material requirements planning for multistage production systems, aggregate planning, scheduling, and production distribution. (F,SP)

143.  Game Theory and Business Decisions. (3)   Three hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: Mathematics 1B or 16B, Statistics 21, or equivalent. This course provides an introduction to game theory and decision analysis. Game theory is concerned with strategic interactions among players (multi-player games), and decision analysis is concerned with making choices under uncertainty (single-player games). Emphasis is placed on applications. (F,SP) Staff

147.  Special Topics in Manufacturing and Information Technology. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: Business Administration 140. Formerly Business Administration 149. A variety of topics in manufacturing and information technology with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

151.  Management of Human Resources. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 105. Formerly Business Administration 151. The designs of systems of rewards, assessment, and manpower development. The interaction of selection, placement, training, personnel evaluation, and career ladders within an on-going organization. Role of the staff manager. Introduction of change. Implications of behavioral research for management problems and policies. (F,SP)

152.  Negotiation and Conflict Resolution. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 105. Formerly Business Administration 152. The purpose of this course is to understand the theory and processes of negotiation as practiced in a variety of settings. It is designed to be relevant to the broad spectrum of negotiation problems faced by managers and professionals. By focusing on the hehavior of individuals, groups, and organizations in the context of competitive situations, the course will allow students the opportunity to develop negotiation skills experientially in useful analytical frameworks (e.g.- simulations, cases). (F,SP) Staff

155.  Leadership. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. The purpose of this course is for the students to develop understanding of the theory and practice of leadership in various organizational settings. It is designed to allow students the opportunity to develop leadership skills through experiential exercises, behavorial and self-assessments, case studies, class disscussions, and lectures. (F,SP) Staff

156AC.  Diversity in the Workplace. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 10, 105, 151 recommended. This course introduces students to various theories on diversity in business and the importance of human capital equity and inclusion to organizations. Students will engage in community-based projects to be more conscious of the social impact of positive human relations and to foster equity, social justice, and civic responsibility. Emphasis placed on experiential learning with issues of race, ethnicity, gender, generational status, spirituality, sexual orientation, and physical and mental ability. This course satisfies the American cultures requirement. (F,SP) Staff

157.  Special Topics in the Management of Organizations. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 105. Formerly Business Administration 159. A variety of topics in organizational behavior and industrial relations with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

160.  Consumer Behavior. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 106. Consumer behavior is the study of how consumers process information, form attitudes and judgments, and make decisions. Its study is critical to understand how consumers think and behave, which is critical for a company wishing to develop a customer focus. Given how different people are, it is amazing how similarly their minds work. Consumer psychology is the systematic study of how consumers perceive information, how they encode it in memory, integrate it with other sources of information, retrieve it from memory, and utilize it to make decisions. It is one of the building blocks of the study of marketing and provides the student with a set of tools with diverse applications. (F,SP) Staff

161.  Marketing Research: Tools and Techniques for Data Collection and Analysis. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 106. Formerly Business Administration 161. Marketing research objectives; qualitative research, surveys, experiments, sampling, data analysis. (F,SP) Staff

162.  Brand Management and Strategy. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 106. Formerly Business Administration 162. This course is an introduction to product management in marketing consumer and industrial goods and services. The course will cover analysis of market information, development of product strategy, programming strategy, and implementation. (F,SP) Staff

165.  Advertising Strategy. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 106. Formerly Business Administration 165. Basic concepts and functions of advertising in the economy; consumer motivation; problems in utilizing advertising and measuring its effectiveness. (F,SP)

167.  Special Topics in Marketing. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 106. Formerly Business Administration 169. A variety of topics in marketing with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

170.  Business Ethics for the 21st Century. (2)   Two hours of lecture per week. The purpose of this class is to enhance the ability of students to anticipate, critically analyze, and appropriately respond to the wide-range social and ethical issues that challenge managers as well as individuals in their roles as citizens, consumers, investors, and employees. Instruction is based on lectures and case analysis, supplemented by topical and philosophical articles and essays. (F,SP) Staff

C172.  Business in Its Historical Environment. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Formerly Business Administration C172. This course will examine selected aspects of the history of American business. Included will be discussions of the evolution of the large corporation, the development of modern managerial techniques, and the changing relationship of business, government, and labor. Also listed as American Studies C172. (F,SP) Rosen

175.  Legal Aspects of Management. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Formerly Business Administration 175. An analysis of the law and the legal process, emphasizing the nature and functions of law within the U.S. federal system, followed by a discussion of the legal problems pertaining to contracts and related topics, business association, and the impact of law on economic enterprise. (F,SP)

177.  Special Topics in Business and Public Policy. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 107. Formerly Business Administration 179. A variety of topics in business and public policy with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP)

178.  Introduction to International Business. (3)   Two hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Prerequisites: 101A-101B or equivalents. Formerly Business Administration 188. A survey involving environmental, economic, political, and social constraints on doing business abroad; effects of overseas business investments on domestic and foreign economies; foreign market analysis and operational strategy of a firm; management problems and development potential of international operations. (F,SP)

180.  Introduction to Real Estate and Urban Land Economics. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: Economics 1, Mathematics 16A or 1A, or equivalents. Formerly Business Administration 180. The nature of real property; market analysis; construction cycles; mortgage lending; equity investment; metropolitan growth; urban land use; real property valuation; public policies. (F,SP)

183.  Introduction to Real Estate Finance. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 180. Formerly Business Administration 183. Real estate debt and equity financing; mortgage market structure; effects of credit on demand; equity investment criteria; public policies in real estate finance and urban development. (F,SP)

184.  Urban and Real Estate Economics. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A or Economics 101A or consent of instructor. This course examines how market forces influence the development of cities and the development and pricing of real estate assets. Topics include city formation; city size; land rent and land use; the operation of residential, commerical and industrial property markets; and the impacts of government policies, including the provision of public services, the imposition property taxes and fees, transportation pricing and investment, and land use regulations. (F,SP) Helsley

187.  Special Topics in Real Estate Economics and Finance. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit as topic varies. One to four hours of lecture per week. A variety of topics in real estate economics and finance with emphasis on current problems and research. (F,SP) Staff

190T.  Special Topics in Innovation and Design. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Advanced study in the fields of innovation and design that will address current and emerging issues. Topics will vary with each offering and will be announced at the beginning of each term. (F,SP)

191C.  Communication for Leaders. (2)   One hour of lecture and two hours of discussion per week. This course is a workshop in the fundamentals of public speaking skills in today's business environment. Each student will give speeches, coach, and debate each other, and take part in a variety of listening and other communication exercises. The course focuses on authenticity, persuasion, and advocacy. (F,SP) Staff

192A.  Leading Nonprofit and Social Enterprises. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: 101A or equivalent. Formerly Business Administration 115. This course prepares students conceptually and practically to found, lead, and manage organizations in the nonprofit sector. The course focuses on mission and theory of change (strategy), role of the board in governance, managing and marketing to multiple constituencies, role of advocacy in meeting mission, leadership styles and managing organizational culture, resource development (philanthropy), nonprofit financial management, managing for impact, HR management (volunteering), and cross-sector alliances. (F,SP) Staff

192N.  Topics in Non-Profit Management. (1-5)   Course may be repeated for credit as topic varies. One to five hours of lecture per week. Advanced study in the field of non-profit management that will address current and emerging issues. Topics will vary with each offering and will be announced at the beginning of each term. (F,SP) Staff

192P.  Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility and Consulting Projects. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. Discuss the field of strategic CSR through a series of lectures, guest speakers, and projects. The course will examine best practices used by companies to engage in socially responsible business practices. It will provide students with a flavor of the complex dilemmas one can face in business in trying to do both "good for society" and "well for shareholders." It looks at CSR from a corporation perspective, and how this supports core business objectives, core competencies, and bottom-line profits. (F,SP) Sweeney

192T.  Topics in Corporate Social Responsibility. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. One to four hours of lecture per week. Advanced study in the field of corporate social responsibility that will address current and emerging issues. Topics will vary with each offering and will be announced at the beginning of each term. (F,SP) Staff

193C.  Curricular Practical Training for International Students.   Internship. Must be taken on a passed/not passed basis. Prerequisites: International students only. This is a zero-unit internship course for non-immigrant international students participating in internships under the Curricular Practical Training program. Requires a paper exploring how the theoretical constructs learned in UGBA courses were applied during the internship. (F,SP)

193I.  Business Abroad. (1-4)   Three to twelve hours of lecture for six weeks. Prerequisites: To be determined by instructor depending on topic. This course includes both formal learning in lectures, experiential learning, and action research through site visits abroad. Students and instructor will visit with international companies and/or organizations to learn about the business opportunities and challenges of operating in a specific country or region. Evaluation is based on student participation, presentations, and a research paper. Country and business industry focus may vary from term to term depending upon the instructor. (F,SP) Staff

195A.  Entrepreneurship. (3)   Two hours of lecture per week. Formerly Business Administration 195. This course takes students through the new venture process using a 20-30 page business plan as the main deliverable. Students write a plan which lays a foundation for a new venture. Through the planning process that tightly links market and financcial planning, a business plan creates a set of standards to which investors and teammates can evaluate actual performance, laying the foundation for an "operation plan" once the business is launched. (F,SP)

195P.  Perspectives on Entrepreneurship. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. This course explores and examines key issues facing entrepreneurs and their businesses. It is intended to provide a broad spectrum of topics across many business disciplines including accounting, finance, marketing, organizational behavior, production/quality, technology, etc. Students will acquire a keen understanding of both the theoretical and real world tools used by today's entrepreneurial business leaders in achieving success in today's global business environment. (F,SP) Staff

195S.  Entrepreneurship To Address Global Poverty. (3)   Three hours of lecture per week. This course examines whether and how entrepreneurial ventures can meaningfully address global poverty vs. more traditional approaches such as foreign aid, private philanthropy or corporate social responsibility initiatives. Combining lectures, case studies, and interviews with social entrepreneurs, it explores poverty and entrepreneurship before focusing on their intersection in various bottom-of-pyramid markets, from health, housing, and education to energy, agriculture, and finance. (F,SP) Staff

195T.  Topics in Entrepreneurship. (1-3)   Course may be repeated for credit as topic varies. One to three hours of lecture per week. Courses of this kind will cover issues in entrepreneurship that either appeal to a specialized interest by type of firm being started (e.g., new ventures in computer software) or in the aspect of the entrepreneurial process being considered (e.g., new venture funding). The courses typically will be designed to take advantage of the access offered by the University and the locale to knowledgeable and experienced members of the business community. (F,SP) Staff

196.  Special Topics in Business Administration. (1-4)   One to four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisites: Upper division standing. Formerly Business Administration 196. Study in various fields of business administration. Topics will vary from year to year and will be announced at the beginning of each semester. (F,SP)

198.  Directed Study. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. Enrollment is restricted; see the Introduction to Courses and Curricula section of this catalog. One to four hours of directed group study per week. Must be taken on a passed/not passed basis. Prerequisites: Consent of instructor. Formerly Business Administration 198. Organized group study on topics selected by upper division students under the sponsorship and direction of a member of the Haas School of Business faculty. (F,SP) Staff

199.  Supervised Independent Study and Research. (1-4)   Course may be repeated for credit. Enrollment is restricted; see the Introduction to Courses and Curricula section of this catalog. Must be taken on a passed/not passed basis. Prerequisites: Consent of instructor. Formerly Business Administration 199. Enrollment restrictions apply. (F,SP)